Theory of Personality (D564) Practice Exam

According to Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory, what is the primary challenge of adolescence?

1. Development of a sense of identity

2. Development of intimacy vs. isolation

3. Establishing trust vs. mistrust

4. Achieving industry vs. inferiority

The correct answer is: Development of a sense of identity

In Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory, the primary challenge of adolescence is indeed the development of a sense of identity. During this stage, which Erikson refers to as adolescence, individuals typically grapple with questions related to their personal identity, values, and beliefs. This is a crucial period for self-discovery, as adolescents explore different roles, ideologies, and experiences to form a cohesive self-concept. Successfully navigating this challenge leads to a strong sense of identity, which is essential for well-being and future relational and social functioning. Establishing trust vs. mistrust occurs much earlier in infancy, where the foundation of trust is built based on caregiver interactions. The challenge of intimacy vs. isolation emerges later in young adulthood, focusing on the ability to form meaningful relationships after successfully establishing a sense of identity. Achieving industry vs. inferiority takes place during childhood, addressing skills development and self-confidence in completing tasks. Each of these earlier stages contributes to the overall psychosocial development, but the identity formation is specifically paramount during adolescence, making it the primary focus in Erikson's framework for that age.