Theory of Personality (D564) Practice Exam

What does self-efficacy refer to in Bandura’s theory?

1. The belief in one's ability to succeed

2. The ability to understand others' perspectives

3. Identifying societal influences on behavior

4. The innate tendency to strive for self-actualization

The correct answer is: The belief in one's ability to succeed

In Bandura's theory, self-efficacy specifically refers to the belief in one's ability to succeed in specific situations or accomplish a particular task. This concept underscores the idea that individuals who possess strong self-efficacy are more likely to approach challenges with confidence, take on difficult tasks, and persist in the face of setbacks. Bandura emphasized that self-efficacy significantly influences motivation, performance, and emotional well-being. For example, in a learning environment, a student who believes they can excel in their studies (high self-efficacy) is more likely to put in effort, seek help when needed, and engage deeply with the material. Conversely, someone with low self-efficacy may avoid challenges, leading to a cycle of failure and decreased motivation. Thus, the accuracy of the selected answer lies in its alignment with Bandura's focus on the individual's belief in their abilities as a critical component of personal success and achievement.