Theory of Personality (D564) Practice Exam

What is the primary focus of humanistic theories of personality?

1. Unconscious motivators

2. Positive growth and self-actualization

3. Environmental conditioning

4. Social interactions

The correct answer is: Positive growth and self-actualization

The primary focus of humanistic theories of personality is on positive growth and self-actualization. Humanistic psychologists, such as Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow, emphasize the inherent potential within each individual to grow, evolve, and achieve their full capabilities. This perspective highlights the importance of personal experiences, self-reflection, and the desire to achieve a state of self-actualization, which represents the fulfillment of one's potential and the realization of one's true self. Humanistic theories stress the significance of subjective experience and the belief that people can consciously choose their paths in life. They encourage looking at individuals as whole beings, considering their feelings, thoughts, and aspirations rather than reducing them to mere components like drives or traits. By fostering an understanding of oneself and nurturing the conditions conducive to personal growth, humanistic psychology aims to promote mental well-being and personal fulfillment. This approach contrasts sharply with theories that focus primarily on unconscious processes, behavioral conditioning, or external social influences, which do not encapsulate the core values of the humanistic perspective on personality.