Theory of Personality (D564) Practice Exam

What is the primary focus of humanistic theories of personality?

1. The unconscious mind and social factors

2. Self-concept and potential for personal growth

3. Biological factors affecting behavior

4. Traits and situational factors

The correct answer is: Self-concept and potential for personal growth

The primary focus of humanistic theories of personality is on self-concept and the potential for personal growth. Humanistic psychology emphasizes the individual's capacity for self-awareness, personal responsibility, and the pursuit of fulfilling one's potential. Key figures, such as Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow, advocated for the idea that each person has an inherent drive towards self-actualization, which involves realizing their own potential and achieving personal growth. This approach contrasts with other theories that may focus on traits, unconscious processes, or biological determinants. For example, while some personality theories explore the role of the unconscious mind—as seen in psychodynamic approaches—humanistic theories primarily celebrate conscious experiences and the subjective understanding of oneself. Additionally, rather than emphasizing fixed traits or situational factors, humanistic theories promote the idea that people can change and grow through their choices and experiences. This perspective is empowering and underscores the importance of self-acceptance and the journey toward becoming the best version of oneself.