Which theory of personality suggests that individuals possess consistent patterns of behavior across different situations?

The selection of trait theory as the correct answer is rooted in its core premise that personality is composed of stable characteristics that affect how individuals behave in various situations. Trait theorists assert that these traits are consistent over time and can be measured, providing a framework to predict how a person will behave in different contexts based on the traits they exhibit.

Trait theory identifies specific dimensions of personality, known as traits, such as extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness, which remain relatively constant regardless of the situational factors present. This perspective allows for a systematic understanding of personality by categorizing and quantifying individual differences.

In contrast, other theories do not emphasize consistent patterns in the same way—behaviorism focuses on observable behaviors and external stimuli without considering internal characteristics, cognitive theory centers on thought processes influencing behavior, and humanistic theory highlights personal growth and self-actualization without as heavily focusing on measurable traits. Thus, trait theory specifically aligns with the notion of consistent behavioral patterns across varied situations.